MAU LEH MAUTAM

Mau hian Mizoramah hmun a luah zau em em mai a, kan ram pum hmun 100 a then a hmun 31 hi mau hian a luah niin chhut a ni. Chuti a nih chuan, kan ram, 21,081 km bialaah hian 6,446 km bial a luah a nih chu. Amaherawhchu, kan mau hmun te hi tlangram lo atana kan vah dar thin avangin mau hung upa tak an vang a, mau tuaithar in a hung a rawn siam thar leh thin an ni ber a ni.

Mizoram chhungah hian mau chi hrang 20 chuang a awm a, heng zingah hian Mautak (Melocanna baccifera) hi a tam ber niin, 100 zel a 95 an awh a, a dang zingah chuan Phulrua (Dendrocalamus hamiltonii) te, Rawnal (D. longispathus) te leh Rawthing (Bambusa tulda) te hi a lar zual te anni a tih theih ang.

Mautam :-

 Mau an rah nazawng hian an tam lo a, hei vang hian Mau rah hi chi hnih a then anni. A hmasa zawk chu a tangrah kan ti mai ang a. He hi chu kumtinin, mauhmun thlawhhma, kangvarah, mau rawn chawr thar leh dawn in, lei hrulah te an rah mai thin. Tin, hmun thenkhatah chuan mauhung khatah rau rau pawh, kung 10 emaw, kung 20 vel lekah, a bing in an rah thei bawk a. Hetianga a bing a maurah hi kum 2001 khan Mizorama khaw 2/3-ah hmuh a ni a. Kum 2002-ah khan khaw 31-ah hmuh a nil eh in, kum 2003 khan khaw 25-ah a rah leh a. Tichuan, kum tin, Zoram hmun hrang hrangah hmuh a ni chho ta zel a ni. Mi thenkhat chuan kan hma lawk a Mautam lo thleng tur a a sehsamah an ngai a ni.

 Mautam kan tih tak zawk tur a chu, Mau chu a hung pum in an rawn rah a, hetia an rah hnu hian an thi tar up thin a ni. Hetiang a mau rawn tam hi saptawngin gregarious flowering of bamboo an ti. Hetia Mau rawn tam hi thilmak a ni lo a, mau te hian an nun hun chhung an rawn hman zawh vang mai a ni. Mau te hi hnim chikhat, grass an tih te zing a a lian ber anni a. Grass chi dang ho te chu Buh te, Di te, Hmunphiah te hi an ni a. Buh hi an dam hun chhung (life cycle) chu thla 3 atanga thla 7 inkarah an hmang zo a, hetia an dam hun chhung an hman zawh hian an rah a, an thi thin. Mau ho erawh hi chu an dam hun chhung a rei bike m em mai a, tin, Mau chi hrang hrangah a in ang lo leh nuaih bawk a. Zoram a kan mau, Mautak leh Rawthing te hi an dam hun chhung chu kum 48 (± 1) a ni a. Hei vang hian Mautak le4h Rawthing te hi kum 48 danah an rawn tam ta thin a ni. Mau kung hi a upatna keng tu chu a zung a nih avangin a tam kum a lo thlen dawn chuan vat vek mah ila, a tuai tharah pawh a rawn rah thei tho a ni

 Mautam leh Thingtam hian Mizoramah nghawng lian tak mai a nei a. Chu chu kan hriat theuh angin Sazu puang nena a inkaihhnawih thin vang a ni. Hetiang ang a a inkaihhnawihna hi ramdang hmun tlemteah chauh hriat a ni ve a. Myanmar-ah te, Laos leh Vietnam ram bakah, south America ram thenkhatah a thleng ve a sawi a ni. Mizoramah chuan Sazu puang nen a inzawm nia lang tih mai lohah hi chuan Mautam leh Thingtam hi han huphurh tur chi a ni lo a. Hetia Mau rawn rah hi chhar khawm a mau tlemna hmun a chindarhna hun remchang tak a ni zawk a ni.

Maurah pianhmang :-

 Mautak (Melocanna baccifera) rah hi a sen lai chuan a hring emaw, a senno deuh lampang emaw rawng a pu a, a chan hnu chuan a rawng hi a hringduk emaw, a thim lampang emaw a rawn pu thin. A laimu hi a var a, a rah han phel chuan Theihai naupang deuh han phel ang main en hian a inang hle. A tlangpuiin varaktui ai mah a lian anni ber a, 200 gms vel a rit anni ber. Artui pianzia an ang a, mahse a hmawr lehlamah hian a kuai zum van thin a ni. Mau changah hian a rah hi an awm ber a, amaherawhchu, a kung bul fepah te leh a zung atang te pawh in a rawn puak chhuak bawk thin a ni.

 Rawthing (Bambusa tulda) rah/fang erawh hi chuan a pianhmang leh a len lamah buhhum a ang hle thung a, a bawrah a rah te hi awm khawm in, bawr khatah hian fang 150 atanga 190 inkar an awm ber thin. Raw-tangah a rahbawr hi a rawn awm thin.

Maurah leh Sazu :-

 Maurah te hi Sazu tana chawtha tak ni a ngaih a ni a. Sazu hian Maurah an tlan chuan an chi thlahna thlengin a pui thei nia ngaih thin a ni. Amaherawhchu hei hi a dik tho laiin a dik ber lohna lai chin a awm bawk a. A chhan chu maurahah hian sazu inthlahna kawng a pui theitu thilawm a hriat a ni lo a. Mautam avanga sazu an pun chakna chhan ber tur zawk a chu, maurah kher lo pawh, hnianghnar tak a chaw ei tur zawk a chu, maurah kher lo pawh, hnianghnar tak a chaw ei tur an hmuh hrim hrim hian an inthlah pung chak a, a pangngaia tum khata no 5/6 nei thin khan no 10 chuang te an nei thei ta thin a, tin, thla tin deuhthaw no an hring thei ta thin a ni.

Mautam leh Thingtam Mizorama a lo thlen tawh thin dan :-

 Mautam hi India ram bikah chuan kum 1866-a Rawthing, Malabar hmun a tam kha chhinchhiah a awm hmasa ber a ni a. Mizoram bikah chuan chhinchhiah a kan hmuh theih hmasak ber chu kum 1881 kum a Thingtam kha a ni. Tichuan, kum 1928-1929 leh 1976-1977 khan a rawn thleng leh a. Tin, Mautam hi kum 1911-ah leh 1958-1959 kumah te a rawn thleng bawk a. Kan hma lawk kum 2006-2007 hian mau hi tam leh tur a rin a ni. Heng a tam tawhna kum atang te hian heti hian a chhut theih a. Thingtam atanga kum 30-naah Mautam a lo thleng a, hemi Mautam atanga kum 18-naah Thingtam hi a rawn thleng leh ta thin a ni.

Thingtam – 1881 : Colonel E.R. Elles, Asst. Quartermaster General chuan “Military Report on the Chin Lushai Hills Country, 1881” a a ziak dan chuan, kum hmasa (1880) a maurah tlan a pung ta Sazuin buh an she nasat avang in Tam a tla nasa a, Cachar atanga buhfai quintal 6060 leh buhhum quintal 740 vel chawkluh a nih thu bakah, British sawrkar in Tam dawm nan Rs. 1,240/- an sen thu te, tin, kum 1882-ah erawh chuan khawsak a lo pangngai leh tak thu te a ziak a.

Heta tanga kan hriat theih tak a chu, Kum 1880 hi Sazu in buh a she kum niin, kum 1881 chu Tam kum a ni tih hi a ni.

Mautam – 1911 : Kum 1909 leh 1910-ah Thangnang rual Mizoramah a rawn puang chiam mai a, mahse heng Thangnang rual te hian buh leh thlai an khawih lo.

Kum 1910-ah Mautam chu khawchhak lam, Tuipui leh Tuirini inkarah rawn intan in Sazu-in buh an she tan a. Kum 1911-a lo thlen chuan Mizoram pum a Mautak-ho zawng zawng chu rawn Tam in Sazu an rawn puang ta a. Sazuin Maurah an ei zawh chuan, favang lamah, buh kung lamah tuan zuiin, buh an she ta chiam mai a ni.

Sawrkarin Sazu suat beihpui a huaihawt atangin Sazu mei 1,79,015 lai sawrkarah thlen a ni a. Tin, sawrkarin phai lam atangin buh a tawlh lut a, heng buh tawlh luh senso atan hian Cheng Nuaih 5 chuang sen a ni tih Superintendent, Lushai Hills Administration Report, 1913-14 ah ziak a ni.

Thingtam – 1929 : Kum 1929-ah hian ruahtui a nasat em avangin June thla tirah tuilian leh leimin nasa tak Mizoram hmun hrang hrangah a lo thleng a. ‘Minpui Kum’ tih phah hial khawp in lei a min nasa a ni.

Favang a lo intan chuan Sazu in buh an rawn she ta a. Tichuan, kum 1929 chu Sazu in buh a she kum lo niin, kum 1930 chu Tam kum a lo nit a a.

Kum 1911 kum a Mautam an gem chuan sawrkar tan chetna tham a thleng lo a, tin, kum 1928-ah Sazu in buh an she loh avangin buh hlui a tam a, mipui pawh an mangang luttuk lo ni a hriat a ni.

Mautam – 1959 : Kum 1954-ah Mizoram hmun hrang hrangah Rawte a Tam a (a rah hi mautak rah ang tak, mahse mautak rah ai a te zawk a ni). Kum 1956-ah chuan Phulrua a rawn Tam leh a, Mamit tlangdungah a nasa zual bik a hriat a ni.

Kum 1957-ah Mautak chu hmun hrang hrangah a rah hmuh tur a awm chho tan a, mahse Sazu an la puang nasa lo.

Kum 1958-ah chuan chhuah lam rama Mau-ho chu a rawn tam tan a. Tlang lam ram a mi erawh chu a la tam lo. Tin, Thangnang pawh Mau thlatawp ah a rawn puang leh a, Mautam hmasa zawk pawh khan a lo puang tawh bawk a ni. Mahse thlai an khawih lo.

Kum 1958-ah chuan Tuirini lui chin chhak lam zawng zawngah mau chu a rawn Tam rual ta thup a, kum 1959 a lo thlen chuan Mautam hian ram pum a rawn tuam ta a. Favang thla chho atangin Sazu hian buh an she tan ta a ni. Tam Do Pawl hmuh dan chuan thlawhhma 100-a 80 (80%) hlawhchham ang in an chhut a ni.

Ram pawn atangin buhfai quintal Nuaih 2 chuang zet chawk luh a ni a. Buhfai bakah hian sawrkar atangin tanpuina chi hrang hrang dawn a ni a. Tam kum ber, kum 1960-ah chuan buhfai lamah harsa luttuk lo a tlingtlak a nit a a ni.

Thingtam – 1977 : Kum 1975 kum hian Tripura lamah Rawthing a Tam a, Sazu a puang nasa tih thawm hriat a ni a. Kum 1976 a lo thlen chuan Langkaih dung zawng zawng tih theihah Rawthing chu rawn Tam in, Tripura lam atangin Sazu rual, Mizoramah an lo lut niin ngaih a ni. Mahse Rawthing Tamna hmun hi khawthlang lam a nih deuh bik avangin a zia a la awm a. Favang chhoah chuan hmun tam takah Sazu in buh a she thu hriat a ni.

Kum 1977, July thlaah khan Aizawl leh Lungdai hmunah Khauchher/Khausep (Long-horned grasshopper/Katydids) a puang chiam mai a, mahse buh bei chi an nih loh avangin pawi an khawih lo. Kum 1977, favang chhoah chuan Sazu rual in buh an khawih tih hmun hrang hrang atangin hriat a ni a, amaherawhchu, Thingtam hmasa zawk ang bawk in, Mautam kum an gem em chuan a nasa lo a ni. Hei hi, a chhan chu, sawrkar leh mipuite hmalakna vang a tih thei ang.

Sawrkar remtihna in State Level Rodent Control Committee chu kum 1975, February thla khan din a ni a. Hemi Committee hmalakna hnuaiah hian Sazu suat hna thawh a ni. Tam Do Pawl record-a a land an in, Kum 1976 chhung khan Sazu 5,53,045 thah a niin, kum 1977 chhung khan 26,16,616 thah a ni.

Mautam (2006-2007) lo thleng tur laka Agriculture Department hmalakna te :-

 Dr. A.M.K. Mohan Rao, Rodent Specialist, Ministry of Agriculture, Govt. of India hnen atanga thurawn ang in, State Level Rodent Control Committee, Government of Mizoram chuan, kum 2006-2007 chhunga Mautam lo thleng tur a rin lakah, hetiang hian, kum 2001 atang khan, hma a lo chho mek zel a. Mizoram chhung bika Rodent Control hna hi Department of Agriculture, Mizoram kut a dah a nih avangin, hemi Department hian he hna hi a kengkawh mek zel a ni.

1.  Mau, a sehsam a a rahna hmun te zawn chhuah a chung lai hmuna Sazu inthlahpung mai thei tur lo thlithlai leh a tul anga a suat hna thawh.

2.  Hmun hrang hrang a sazu nungchang ngaihven leh a tihrem hna thawh.

3.  Sazu chungchang a inzirtirna tlangau pui.

4.  Tualchher thang hmanga sazu suat.

5.  Sazu tur hmang a Sazu suat.

Source :  James Lalsiamliana
Asst. Plant Protection Officer
Directorte of Agriculture, Aizawl, Mizoram
Sazu leh Mautam Chungchang a Hriattur Pawimawh te
Page No : 13 - 20
Agril.Extn.Series No.06/2004

Top